Flexural anisotropy of rift-sawn softwood boards induced by the end-grain orientation

Abstract Inspired by the use of rift-sawn softwood board for covering curved surfaces in Kokerabuki, a traditional Japanese roofing method, we investigated flexural anisotropy wood caused its end-grain orientation. We measured displacement species, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Cryptomeria japonica , hardwood Populus suaveolens Cerasus serrulata . For this was approximately five times longer specimens than other grain patterns. Using replica method to measure tracheid deformation with different displacements, confirmed mechanisms flat- quarter-sawn specimens, specimens. In woods, on-axis loading generated, which stress concentrated on radial tangential cell walls parallel direction tension or compression. By contrast, wood, off-axis evenly distributed throughout corner without wall directly resisting tensile compressive forces. also concluded that tapered shape contributes excellent flexibility softwood.